Encryption

Encryption transforms readable data, known as plaintext, into an unreadable format called ciphertext. This transformation is achieved through the use of algorithms and a secret key. The key acts like a password, allowing the sender to encrypt the data and the intended recipient to decrypt it back into its original, readable form. Without the correct key, the ciphertext appears as random characters and is indecipherable.

For instance, when you send a message through a secure messaging application, your words are encrypted before they leave your device.

This technique is widely employed in digital security to protect sensitive information during transmission or storage. It is fundamental to online banking, secure email, virtual private networks (VPNs), and the protection of personal data on computers and mobile devices.