Microservices

This approach breaks down a large application into smaller, specialized components, each performing a distinct business function. Rather than a single, tightly integrated unit, each microservice operates autonomously, managing its own data and logic. Services communicate with one another through well-defined APIs, typically using lightweight protocols such as HTTP/REST or message queues. This allows for individual services to be developed, deployed, updated, and scaled independently without impacting the entire system. For instance, an online retail platform might use separate microservices for user accounts, product catalog, shopping cart, and payment processing. The architecture is commonly adopted in modern software development for building scalable, resilient, and agile applications, particularly within cloud-native and distributed computing environments.